HRs Impact on Long Term Environmental Sustainability - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2499 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Essay any type Level High school Did you like this example? Introduction This essay focuses on the role of human resources (HR) in achieving environmental sustainability. It starts by very briefly explaining what environmental sustainability is, and why it is so important for individuals and organisations to contribute to achieving goals and targets related to sustainability. It next briefly explains what is meant by HR. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "HRs Impact on Long Term Environmental Sustainability" essay for you Create order Next it considers the ways in which HR managers are likely to be involved in supporting their organisations to reach sustainability targets. A focus on one organisation then allows some ideas to be developed that can form the basis of recommendations for improvement of environmental sustainability key to HR. Environmental sustainability is a component of the sustainable development concept. This concept is described as development à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987:43). Essentially, it argues that to sustain life both human and animal the provision of clean water and air, and energy obtained from renewable resources are vital (Sutton, 2004). Human Resource departments might not seem the natural home of a focus on environmental sustainability, as often the burden of responsibility in an organisation is placed on an operations ma nager. However, there is definitely a role to play for human resources. In researching this issue, care must be taken to include terms that encompass the HR function these can include Human Resource Management (HRM), Employment Services (ES), Human Capital, Personnel and others (Abusafia, 2012). HR Management Support for the Drive Towards Environmental Sustainability There is a range of HR activities that directly contribute to the environmental sustainability of an organisation. These often revolve around the development of green jobs and the infrastructure, training, personal development planning, performance management, communication, attitude monitoring and other aspects that go along with the creation of new posts, or new components of existing posts (Jackson, 2012). Liebowitz (2010) argues that the role of HR is more fundamental and deep seated than developing processes he suggests that the HR department has a very significant role to play in the creation of a companys sustainability culture, as it is professionally trained to change the attitudes and behaviours of employees, from senior executives to the most junior of staff (Liebowitz, 2010). Liebowitz also argues that HR managers are far removed from the old traditional personnel manager. Today, HR staff are likely to know much more about the business, and they use a human capital ma nagement approach to underpin the development of staff to achieve environmental objectives (Lebowitz, 2010). Wilkins (2014) identifies the skill to motivate and encourage employees to become engaged with sustainability programmes within an organisation as key to their success (Wilkins, 2014). In fact, Wilkins argues that to achieve success, three key components are necessary communication, education and motivation. Communication includes good environmental practice for employees (reducing energy use), and highlighting individual and organisational environmental achievements (Wilkins, 2014). Education can be used to provide employees with practical information about integrating environmental objectives into their daily work, for example, engaging in recycling activities; this can also improve productivity as all staff are working towards a common purpose (Wilkins, 2014). Motivation in the form of an environmentally focussed rewards programme can ensure that employees remain committe d, and can actually help retention of valuable staff (Wilkins, 2014). Cohen et al (2012) suggest that one influencing factor on the role HR plays in supporting environmental sustainability, will be the motivations behind the organisations move towards more sustainable operations and strategies. They argue that the route taken may make the HR contribution easier or more difficult. They identify a values-based route, a strategic route and a defensive route. The first is associated mostly with the personal principles of the founders of small businesses some of which may have become much larger (Cohen et al, 2012). The second is those businesses that identify opportunities in redesigning products or services to expand into markets where environmental characteristics are valued (Cohen et al, 2012). Lastly, the defensive route occurs when companies come under pressure to change their approach, perhaps because of a pollution incident (Cohen et al, 2012). It is clear that each of these routes will have a different impact on the work of the HR manager: where the business chooses to commit to environmental objectives, there is likely to be a positive culture, whilst companies forced into accepting change in environmental attitudes are likely to generate at least some resistance (Harmon et al, 2010). What the above discussion shows is that there is motivation for HR managers and departments to become involved in supporting a move towards environmental sustainability in their organisation. There are a number of HR tools that can be used to embed such sustainability objectives into an organisation. There are four main areas where such tools may be deployed: employee attraction and selection; employee training, development and compensation; creating a sustainable organisational climate; and, management support and communication (Cohen et al, 2012). Having a good environmental profile has been found to attract high quality employees (Government of Canada, n.d.), and t o retain these employees for longer than average retention periods (Ernst Young, 2013), and the HR department can therefore use a commitment to environmental sustainability in their job advertising, ensuring that they have an edge over their competitors (Ernst Young, 2013). To maintain and energise staff to commit to environmental processes, i.e. to motivate employees (Human Resource Excellence, 2012) it is necessary to provide targeted training, for example, in life cycle analysis to reduce inefficiency and waste, and to include formal evaluations of such commitment i.e. targets to be achieved in job plans (Manufacturing Skills Australia, 2015). Changing an organisations culture is often the most challenging, but also the most necessary approach. While there may be commitment at the senior management level, this is likely to decline the further down the organisational hierarchy you go (Petrini and Pozzebon, 2010). This is especially true in traditional industries, such as constru ction, where male dominated heavy labour has little cultural awareness of environmental issues (Built Environment Sustainability Training, 2014). Management support through communication that relates to employees lives can indicate an overall organisational commitment to environmental sustainability, and can encourage people to integrate environmental principles throughout their daily lives (Fleischer, 2009). HR can assist in all of these areas through training, communication, incentivisation, PDP and other such tools. The following section provides some recommendations for such actions in one organisation. Recommendations for Improving Environmental Sustainability Through HR The organisation chosen for the case study is a construction company, McGregor Construction, which is located in the Scottish Highlands. This company was formed in 1977, but has previous history going back 132 years (McGregor Construction n.d.). Annual turnover is around  £9.5 million, and the company covers the construction spectrum, including building projects for hospitals, sports stadiums, shopping centres, council housing, and private housing (McGregor Construction, n.d.). Work includes both new build and repairs to existing properties, some of these being very old and architecturally important. It has 68 employees, many of whom have been with the company for a long time (Endole, 2015). . The employee profile is important in that it is largely male (80%), and largely older age groups, with 63% in the 40 56 years age bracket, and 7% in the 57 70, 5% in the 70+, while 15% is in the 25 39 years and 10% in the 18 24 bracket. Many of the older employees are highly ski lled, not only in modern building techniques but in traditional craft based skills building techniques. The company has come under increasing pressure to develop a strategic and operational approach to environmental management. This pressure has arisen partly from the industry itself, as the construction sector has made substantial efforts to integrate sustainability objectives into the activities and functions of the industry (European Commission, 2012). It has also arisen from pressure through the supply chain as McGregor is a supplier of services to a number of large customers, who have a commitment to greening their supply chains. Finally, the company is aware that they are not as efficient as they could be in managing their energy use and waste, and are seeking to improve these aspects to save money. The five main environmental objectives the company has identified are: to reduce waste throughout the company by 40% in the next year, to reduce fuel use and on site energy use d combined by 40% in the next year, to increase the use of recycled materials by 10%, and to support community environmental objectives, and to reduce on site noise pollution, again all in the next financial year. There are a number of recommendations that can be made to support the HR manager who is assisted by one member of staff for administrative purposes in achieving these objectives. Using the four main areas of HR related improvement identified by Cohen et al (2012), a range of specific actions may be taken. First, employee attraction and selection. One HR tool is to integrate the selection of new employees with the long term environmental strategy of the company so for all future employees it is recommended that an environmental component is built into job plans or descriptions. Specifically, waste management and energy use reduction should be a target tasked for all new employees. This should be followed up by the inclusion of environmental stewardship questions as part of the interview process; candidates could even be asked to give a very short presentation on the importance of environmental management in the construction industry. By using these tools, it not only signals to prospective employees that the company is seriously committed to environmental improvement, and that if they are employed they will be expected to contribute. It may also attract individuals who might otherwise have ignored a small company in favour of finding a large one with an established sustainability strategy. Second, employee training, development and compensation. Here HR can have a substantial input. Environmental training programmes can be devised and be mandatory for all staff (CIPD, 2015), with specific focus for some staff on certain issues. For example, for people labouring or working actually in building processes, a focus on the handling of materials and reduction of waste would be a sensible inclusion. Training for all staff on energy conservation i .e. switching off machinery, lights and so on when not required, would be an easy initial approach. Training programmes should be aligned with the companys environmental objectives, so that the training can directly feed into the achievement of the objectives. Compensation is a useful approach, and can be operationalised by HR in a number of ways. For example, Intel uses an Environmental Excellence award programme, which incentivises environmental behaviour through peer review of nominations for environmental innovation (Patton, 2013). One outcome was the reduction of energy consumption of chillers, boiler plants and vacuum pumps that in just one factory is estimated to save $38 million (Patton, 2013). On a much smaller scale, such a programme could be supported and instigated in McGregors with innovations in material recycling, energy use reduction, fuel saving, building technologies and techniques and carbon reduction as expected outcomes. Third is the creation of a sustainabl e organisational climate. Here HR can contribute by using sustainability oriented entry, performance and exit practices (Verburg and Den Hartog, 2006), as long as senior management recognises the importance of integrating HR into the overall company sustainability strategy (Putter, 2010). In achieving a sustainability oriented climate, HR can be especially useful in supporting the work of line managers in recruiting more employees, managing their environmental performance, and ensuring that when they leave they do so with substantial environmental awareness, and respect for what the company have done. Indeed, if HR integrates environmental issues across the whole company through workforce planning then this directly feeds into the organisational climate (Petrini and Pozzebon, 2010) The final area of recommendations is for management support and communication. It is vital that the company directors and senior managers demonstrate absolute commitment to environmental sustainability and they should lead by example. An employee of the month scheme could be instituted with public recognition of an individuals environmental achievements being a well recognised effective approach (Silverman, 2004). Employees seeing that senior managers are rewarding such behaviours are likely to engage with further activities when they are introduced by HR through the tools previously described. Conclusions It is clear the HR has a substantial role to play in the integration of environmental sustainability in any organisation and has an increasing range of tools and systems that can be used to achieve this. References Abusafia, A. (2012). Rebranding of the Human Resources Department. Available at: https://hr-management.hr.toolbox.com/groups/strategy-administration/management-staff/rebranding-of-the-human-resources-department-4671333 Built Environment Sustainability Training. (2014).Summary Skills Needs Analysis for Waste in Construction. Cardiff: Built Environment Sustainability Training. CIPD. (2015). Environmental and Sustainability Policy. Available at: https://www.cipd.co.uk/cipd-hr-profession/about-us/environmental-sustainability-policy.aspx Cohen, E., Taylor, S., and Muller-Camen, M. (2012). HRMs Role in Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility. Alexandria VA: SHRM Foundation. Endole. (2015). McGregor Construction (Highlands) Limited. Available at: https://www.endole.co.uk/company/SC061518/mcgregor-construction-highlands-limited Ernst Young. (2013). Role of HR in Driving Sustainable Business Practices. Kolkata India: Ernst Young. European Commission. (2012). CO MMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL Strategy for the sustainable competitiveness of the construction sector and its enterprises /* COM/2012/0433 final. Brussels: European Commission. Fleischer, D. (2009). Three Tips for Engaging Employees in Sustainability. Available at: https://www.triplepundit.com/2009/09/employee-engagement-three-tips-for-engaging-employees-in-sustainability/ Government of Canada. (n.d.). SME Sustainability Roadmap. Available at: https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/csr-rse.nsf/eng/rs00591.html Harmon, J., Fairfield, K. D., and Wirtenberg, J. (2010). Missing an Opportunity: HR Leadership in Sustainability. People and Strategy, 33(1), pp. 16-21. Human Resource Excellence. (n.d.). Importance of Human Resource Management. Available at: https://www.humanresourceexcellence.com/importance-of-human-resource-management/ Jackson, S.E. (2012). The Role of Human Resource Management in Achieving Environmental Sustainability. In: S.E. Jackson,. D.S. Ones., and S. Dlichert. (eds.) (2012). Managing Human Resources for Environmental Sustainability. San Francisco CA: Jossey Bass. Liebowitz, J. (2010). The Role of HR in Achieving a Sustainability Culture. Journal of Sustainable Development, 3 (4), pp. 50 57. Manufacturing Skills Australia. (2015). Planning and Procedures. Available at: https://sustainabilityskills.net.au/what-is-sustainability/sustainability-practice/strategy-and-management/planning-and-procedures/ McGregor Construction. (n.d.) The Company. Available at: https://www.mcgregors.net/index.php Patton, C. (2013). Rewarding Best Behaviours. Human Resource Executive [online] 09 December. Available at: https://www.hreonline.com/HRE/view/story.jhtml?id=534356443 Petrini, M., and Pozzebon, M. (2010). Integrating Sustainability Into Business Practices: Learning from Brazilian Firms. Brazilian Administration Review, 7 (4), pp. 362 378. Putter, L. (2010). Organizational Climate and Perfor mance. Delft: Delft University of Technology. Silverman, D. (2004). Non-Financial Recognition: The Most Effective of Rewards? Brighton: Institute for Employment Studies. Sutton, P. (2004). A Perspective on Environmental Sustainability? Fairfield, Victoria: Green Innovations. Verburg, R.M., and Den Hartog, D.N. (2006). Human Resource Management for Advanced Technology. In R.M. Verburg., R.J. Ortt., and W.M. Dicke,W.M. (Eds.) (2006). Managing Technology and Innovation: An Introduction. London: Routledge. Wilkins, S. (2014). How HR Can Drive Sustainability. HR [online] 30 April. Available at: https://www.hrmagazine.co.uk/article-details/how-hr-can-drive-sustainability World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our Common Future. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

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Question: Write a Report and Justifythe decisions you have made for your Research Design, Data Collection Methods, Sample Selection, Ethical Considerations and Data Analysis Techniques. Answer: Problem statement The primary idea behind the research study is to discover the various effects of activities of tourism in a particular area of Australia. This research has not been conducted on the entire community of Australia but it is mainly focused to a specific community of Australia which is called the Djabugay community who lives nearby the cairns which is situated in the far east side of the north Queensland (Altinay et al. 2015, p.87). The primary reason of behind choosing this study is to find out their involvement I the industry of tourism with the help of which they can make financial shares. This particular group of people has faced many hardships and problems in their lifespan due to practices of several bad policies and rules in their society. The research is mainly conducted to find out the truthfulness of the social justices that have been forcibly imposed on them. So, with help of analysis of this research, they have been provided with various kinds of methods which will help them to reduce the level of social injustice by employing them in the field of tourism industry (Eid and El- Gohary, 2015, p.774). Research objectives To understand the roles and impacts of tourism on the Djabugay community To develop the best strategic methods in order to reduce the harmful impacts on the socio-cultural as well as on the economic benefits of the tourism sector this involves the Djabugay community To find out the best methods that will help in finding the proper results from the members of the community Research design Core functions The pure research is mainly a research method in which the curiosity or the knowledge is driven by the interest of the scientist. This is mainly conducted to expand the knowledge level of man. No commercial value is associated with these kinds of research works as no new discoveries are found as a result of this work (Filep, 2014, p.266). On the other hand, the purpose of the applied research is to find solutions for several kinds of practical problems that have been cropped up as a result of modern lifestyles. Here, in this research work applied research has been done as the research work has been conducted for the welfare of a particular community of people (Hudson and Thal, 2013, p.160). Information requirements The research work can mainly be conducted with the help of three research methods which are exploratory, descriptive and explanatory analysis. The exploratory analysis can be used when the problem of the research is not clearly defined. This type of analysis is very much helpful in finding out the best design for the research as well as collection method for the data. The conclusion must be drawn with extreme caution. In case of descriptive research, the data and characteristics of the population is studied in a thorough manner. In this method of analysis, the description of the data is factual, systematic and accurate (Law et al. 2014, p.727). The main purpose of the explanatory research is to explain the events and the occurring for which the research has been conducted. In this research study, this approach has been followed as it will help in interviewing the candidates and generate the relevant ideas based on the results of the findings. Methodology The analysis of the research is broadly categorized into three parts qualitative, quantitative and mixed analysis. During qualitative analysis numbers are involved. In most of the cases it is mostly preferred because it mainly helps in analyzing the situation in two different ways. The related hows and whys are answered. Qualitative analysis helps in obtaining an enriched set of data which is beneficial for its usage in the analysis (Neuhofer et al. 2014, p.340). On the other hand, quantitative analysis is helpful when detailed analysis of any situation needs to be made. As a matter of fact different types of statistical methods are used in order to analyze the data of the quantitative analysis. Here, both the qualitative as well as quantitative approach is used. Data collection methods The information which are collected for the research purpose can come from different kinds of sources. Various kinds of techniques need to be implemented in order to gather these information. On the other hand, if the data which are collected is not impactful or useful may lead to failure of the analysis. Mainly two kinds of approaches are implemented during data collection which is called the quantitative method and qualitative method (Philips and Mautinho, 2014, p.96). The quantitative analysis is based on the method of random sampling and structured data analysis. The quantitative method can further be categorized into the following subdivisions: Interviews- In this session, the interviewer prepares a set of questions in order to ask the participants. The interview session can further be subdivided into the following sections which are called the face to face interview, telephone interviews and so on. In case of the face to face interview, the interviewer can directly ask questions to the participants and can build a connection with him or her. On the other hand, in case of telephone interview the interviewer can question anyone who has an access to the telephone. So its rate of availability is higher than that of the face to face interview. Questionnaires- The questionnaire is a reliable mode of data collection as the participants are more truthful to their answers and at the same time it is a less time consuming process. As a result of it, the participants can answer many controversial questions also. The questionnaires can be in pen and pencil mode or can be a web based questionnaire also (Tasci et al. 2016, p.505). Nowadays several emails are sent by various kinds of companies to their consumers in which different kinds of questions are written regarding the services of that company. Observation- The observation method is also helpful where a group of population is observed in order to know various kinds of information regarding that particular group. Case studies- In this method, a specific case is studied and depending on that particular case several questions are answered. In case of qualitative data analysis, the processed information and their sources of collection play important role in assessing the perception and behavior of the respondents. It includes the following aspects like: The questions are less structured and open ended The analysis mainly depend on the interactive interviews The qualitative method comprises of the following categories like indepth interview in which the respondents are interviewed in an elaborate manner and also document review. It is a process in which a document is properly reviewed Sample selection Sampling is a process or a technique in which a specific group of people is selected from a population in order to conduct a research or a study. The sampling technique can be categorized into two main subdivisions which are called the probability and non probability sampling. In case of probability sampling all the samples have an equal chance to get selected. The probability sampling can again be subdivided as simple random, systematic sampling, stratified as well as cluster sampling. Here, the stratified sampling method is used as it helps in categorizing the members or the respondents of the population into exclusive groups as well as collectively exhausted groups (Wu et al. 2016, p.98). On the other hand, non probability sampling does not depend on the random sampling. Here a sample size of 20 people has been taken. Data analysis techniques There are mainly two ways by which data analysis can be performed which are categorized into bivariate and univariate categories. The univariate data is a very easy form of analysis because it involves only one variable during the analysis process. Here, univariate method of analysis has been used as the analysis contains only one variable. On the other hand bivariate data is an analysis of somewhat complicated because two or more variables are introduced (Ye et al. 2014, p.23). Ethical considerations The data which is collected need to formatted and stored in a computer such that no amount of data is lost. On the other hand, the questions which were asked should not hurt the integrity or social position of the people. All the answers should be stored in a proper manner such that they do not get leaked to any kind of unwanted sources. Reference Altinay, L., Paraskevas, A. and Jang, S.S., 2015.Planning research in hospitality and tourism. Routledge. Eid, R. and El-Gohary, H., 2015. Muslim tourist perceived value in the hospitality and tourism industry.Journal of Travel Research,54(6), pp.774-787. Filep, S., 2014. Moving beyond subjective well-being: A tourism critique.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research,38(2), pp.266-274. Hudson, S. and Thal, K., 2013. The impact of social media on the consumer decision process: Implications for tourism marketing.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,30(1-2), pp.156-160. Law, R., Buhalis, D. and Cobanoglu, C., 2014. Progress on information and communication technologies in hospitality and tourism.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(5), pp.727-750. Neuhofer, B., Buhalis, D. and Ladkin, A., 2014. A typology of technology?enhanced tourism experiences.International Journal of Tourism Research,16(4), pp.340-350. Phillips, P. and Moutinho, L., 2014. Critical review of strategic planning research in hospitality and tourism.Annals of Tourism Research,48, pp.96-120. Tasci, A.D., Pizam, A., Croes, R. and Chen, P.J., 2016. The return on investment for undergraduate degrees in hospitality and tourism management.Tourism Economics,22(3), pp.505-526. Wu, D., Song, H. and Shen, S., 2016. New Developments in Tourism and Hotel Demand Modeling and Forecasting.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. Ye, Q., Li, H., Wang, Z. and Law, R., 2014. The influence of hotel price on perceived service quality and value in e-tourism: an empirical investigation based on online traveler reviews.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research,38(1), pp.23-39.

Suppression of Women in The Yellow Wallpaper Yello Essay Example For Students

Suppression of Women in The Yellow Wallpaper Yello Essay w Wallpaper essaysSuppression of Women in The Yellow Wallpaper The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, tells the story of a womans descent into madness as a result of the rest and ignore the problem cure that is frequently prescribed to cure hysteria and nervous conditions in women. More importantly, the story is about control and attacks the role of women in society. The narrator of the story is symbolic for all women in the late 1800s, a prisoner of a confining society. Women are expected to bear children, keep house and do only as they are told. Since men are privileged enough to have education, they hold jobs and make all the decisions. Thus, women are cast into the prison of acquiescence because they live in a world dominated by men. Since men suppress women, John, the narrators husband, is presumed to have control over the protagonist. Gilman, however, suggests otherwise. She implies that it is a combination of societys control as well as the womans personal weakness that contribute to the suppression of women. These two factors result in the womans inability to make her own decisions and voice opposition to men. We will write a custom essay on Suppression of Women in The Yellow Wallpaper Yello specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now John, the narrators husband, represents society at large. Like society, John controls and determines much of what his wife should or should not do, leaving his wife incapable of making her own decisions. Johns domineering nature can be accredited to the fact that John is male and also a physician of high standing (1). John is practical in the extreme. He has no patience with faith, an intense horror of superstition, and he scoffs openly at any talk of things not to be felt and seen and put down in figures (1). He is scientific, factual, logical and rational, everything that characterizes a sane person in society. He tells the protagonist that she is to take phosphates or phosphites whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and is absolutely forbidden to work until she is well again (1). However, the narrator thinks otherwise: Personally, I disagree with their ideas. Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good. But what is one to do? (2) Clearly, the narrator thinks that a life void of any work or excitement will not be helpful or aid her on the road to recovery. The question she asks herself at the end of this paragraph, however, exemplifies her oppressed stature in society. She asks herself not once, not twice, but three times what someone in her position is to do: And what can one do? (1), What is one to do? (1), But what is one to do? (1). Repetition of these questions demonstrates that the narrator cannot do anything to change her life because her husband society controls what she can and cannot do. The narrators writing also falls under this category because writing is looked down upon in society as a profession for women. Because of societys oppressive nature, the narrator is unable to write in the presence of other people, especially John and Jennie, his sister, who are great products of society (a high standing physician and an enthusiastic housekeeper), since she believes that people see her writing as contributing to her illness. The narrator says, I verily believe Jenny thinks it is the writing which made me sick! (5). Even though the narrator finds relief in writing, she says, I must say what I feel and think in some way it is such a relief! (7), since writing is an improper occupation for women in societal standards, the narrator must not write publicly, but in secret. Furthermore, John also tries to control how and what his wife should think, exemplifying societys suppression of women. He tells his wife, .. .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b , .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .postImageUrl , .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b , .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:hover , .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:visited , .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:active { border:0!important; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:active , .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udc66cc8524b1589f25a8c345edfe932b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: UP THE DOWN STAIRCASE Essay.you really are better, dear, whether you can see it or not. I am a doctor, dear, and I know. You are gaining flesh and color, your appetite is better (9). Again, he uses the fact that he is a doctor to insinuate his rightness and hint that the narrator must be wrong because she is not a doctor. The fact that she is a not a doctor, however, does not mean she does not know how she feels. The narrator says, I dont weigh a bit more, nor as much; and my appetite may be better in the evening when you are here, but it is worse in the morning when you are away! (9). The narrator tries to tell her husband otherwise but he simply does not listen. In another instance, the narrator tells John that there is something strange about the house (2) but he simply negates her intuition and tells her that what she felt was a draught, and shut the window (2). John does not listen deeply to what his wife says; he hardly ever really listens to her at all. The narrator says, I wish he would let me go and make a visit to Cousin Henry and Julia (7) but John says that she wasnt able to go, nor able to stand it after she got there (7). He is always making decisions for her based on his assumptions on what is best for her, and not what she really wants. To others, this may seem like John is showing care and affection, but even care and affection has its limitations. John frequently laughs at the narrator. She says, John laughs at me (1). Moreover, John constantly says, Bless her little heart! (9) and calls the narrator blessed little goose (4), demeaning names that belittle women and make women seem childlike to men. Although Johns protectiveness is of good intentions, he oppresses her by trying to control what his wife thinks and ignoring what she says. A personal weakness that contributes to the narrators suppression is her inability to communicate effectively and voice opposition. Most of the narrators suppression could be based on the fact that John truly does not listen to her all the time, but in the times when John is actually somewhat attentive, in the case where the narrator wants to go visit Cousin Henry and Julia, she fails miserably at getting her message across to John. She desperately wants to go, I tried to have a real earnest reasonable talk with him the other day (7), and she tries to carefully talk to John because she knows he does not truly listen to what she says and wants. Even then, she does not communicate to him effectively enough. She says, I did not make out a very good case for myself, for I was crying before I had finished (7). By crying, the narrator displays her weakness and gives evidence to Johns claims about her being weak and in need of his control. Who is to say that if she did communicate effectively, John would let her go visit Cousin Henry and Julia? But the chance of John allowing her to go completely vanishes based on her presentation of the proposal, especially when she breaks down and cries. Because of the narrators inability to communicate effectively and voice opposition when needed most, she furthers her own suppression. It is not until the last scene that the narrator finally gains control of her life and becomes her own decision maker by standing up to her husband and society. In describing the climax of the story, the narrator describes Johns frustrations and her calmness: It is no use, young man, you cant open it! How he does call and pound! Now hes crying for an axe. It would be a shame to break down that beautiful door! John dear! said I in the gentlest voice, the key is down by the front steps, under a plantain leaf! (15) It is in this scene where for the first time, John truly listens to her and it leads him to the key to the door. .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 , .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .postImageUrl , .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 , .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:hover , .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:visited , .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:active { border:0!important; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:active , .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7 .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u61265cd98fa460d372e596dcbbfc85e7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Congressional reconstruction- civil war Essay Perhaps it is the first time she effectively communicates with John and it shows she is finally getting through to him. But it is also in this scene where the narrator and John switch roles; the narrator has power now. After all, knowledge is power, and she is the only one who knows where the key is located. The narrator now becomes the more dominant figure in the relationship because while he is crying, she is speaking out in the gentlest voice. Her use of the description young man makes John seem very youthful and childlike, as if she was calling him a blessed little goose now. The narrator says, Ive got out at last in spite of you and Jane. And Ive pulled off most of the paper, so you cant put me back! (15). At last, she thinks for herself and has the mental strength to creep around as she pleases, without having to do what others expect her to do. She successfully communicates to John and voices opposition to be put back into the wallpaper. Finally, she gathers the strength to be strong and keep from breaking down and crying. Societal control over what a woman should or should not do and a womans own personal weakness contributes to the suppression of women by leaving the woman without any say in regards to her own personal interests. Often times a woman is incapable of effectively communicating to others what she wants. John faints in the end, after seeing his wife creeping along the floor. And amazingly, for a man who seems like he is such a protective figure, so masculine, so educated, it is very unmanly that he does such a womanly thing such as fainting when he sees his wifes transformation. It shows that he still does not understand her, if ever he had. Otherwise, he would not have been so shocked and alarmed to see her behaving that way. She has to keep creeping over John, even in the end, and it shows that a woman is not much different from a man, in the aspect of being a self-governing individual. People need to have control over their own lives and the ability to make their own decisions, even women. People cannot always make assumptions for what is best for others. We have learned this from John: John demonstrates that the best way to help someone is to have the patience to really listen and find out what that person truly wants, not simply making assumptions about what is right when its not in the others best personal interest. But until every woman is treated in this manner, she will be driven into her own world of insanity where she continues creeping over all who try to control her.

The Lost Boys Horror Genre Essays

The Lost Boys Horror Genre Essays The Lost Boys Horror Genre Paper The Lost Boys Horror Genre Paper The Lost Boys by Joel Schumacher exploits some conventions of the horror genre yet also inverts others. Like in any horror film, they come with the creaking doors, intense music and desire to solve all mysteries including the unexplained and the film, The Lost Boys doesn’t fall short. This vampire filled, popcorn flick includes many of the standard features of the horror genre but also includes inverted and reversed some conventions. To start off, the most obvious aspect of the horror genre that is in this film is vampires as they are a supernatural creature. The Vampires in the film are what you would expect; blood-sucking beasts with their sharp teeth, which sleep upside down, cast no reflection and who are afraid of sunlight. But that’s not all of it. There is an evil leader in the film, who is Max but this isn’t evident until the end of the film because he was seen as an innocent man from Lucy’s eyes which meant she was constantly defending him. Also when he was invited over by Lucy, he made the man of the house, Michael invite him inside which in a way, hide his true identity. Therefore when the Frog brothers conducted a series of tests trying to prove that he was a vampire, they all indicate that he was human. The music in the film is strange, circus like with an evil twist at times. A good example of this is at the start of the film, when the lost boys are at the carnival on a merry-go-around and there is circus music playing which slowly changes into a more sinister sound with a thump in the background because of the change of scene. By fading different types of music, it creates a more suspenseful mood. Throughout the film, there is also non-diegetic and discordant music which forms dramatic effects throughout the film. As well as following some of the usual characteristics of a horror film, Schumacher inverts and reverses some conventions. The most inverted convention that stands out, is how The Lost Boys explores notions of family that include the single parent family being Lucy, the boys and the family of vampires lead by father figure Max. At all times Max appears to have his â€Å"families† interests at heart which is a paradox is some ways because we perceive vampires to be evil and not kindly. This shows the reversal of the convention and the notions of vampires. Max also hoped to have a â€Å"fairytale† ending with the blending of his family and Lucy’s but it didn’t work out as he envisaged and this is parodied at the end of The Lost Boys. The main reversal in the film is the character of Grandpa. What everyone would perceive to be as a normal Grandpa is fairly the opposite of the character in this film. He’s a joker who drinks root beer and lives in a creepy house with dead stuffed animals. An example of Grandpa playing jokes is when Lucy and the boys arrive at his house and he is lying on the porch pretending to be dead. This creates anticlimax which would mainly fall into the standard conventions of a horror film. Another example is at the end of the film when all the vampires are killed and Grandpa goes to the fridge to get a drink and says Something I never could stomach about Santa Carla, all the damn vampires! which indicates that he knew about the vampires all along. Overall, Grandpa is an unusual character that adds plenty of humour to the film. In this Teen vampire flick, it isnt exactly the scariest horror movie ever made. In fact, the ridiculously over-sized 80s hairstyles on show are probably more frightening than the teeth. Come to think of it, its not exactly the funniest comedy youre ever likely to come across either. But theres just something about its 50-50 mix of the two genres of horror and comedy that just works out fantastically well. By inverting and reversing the usual conventions of the horror genre, it made this film one of a kind and a classic.